Efficacy of traditional herb aqua extract of Teucrium stocksianum and its fractions against HSV-1 virus expression levels of genes (UL46 and US6)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Recently, the anti-herpetic activities of different plant species have been investigated. This study evaluated the effects of Teucrium stocksianum aqueous extract on the HSV-1 virus-infected Vero cell.
Materials and Methods: The IC50 of the aqueous extract was obtained by the maceration of the plant in boiling water and has been measured with the MTT method, also the q-PCR was used to study viral gene expression reduction.
Results: Results of the MTT test indicated that the highest percentage of metabolic activity was observed in the 75 μg/ml concentration of Teucrium stocksianum’s aqueous extracts (IC50=45.5μg/ml). Time intervals of 24 and 48 hours after viral infection revealed that the cell viability is reduced by the viral infection time (MOI=0.1), log 10-3, p <0.001). Furthermore, the plant’s aqueous extract concentration almost avoids cell viability reduction. Through Q-PCR results; the reduction of viral proliferation revealed that the low expression of genes UL46 and US6 were significant in the presence of different treatments utilized in the experiment.
Conclusion: T. stocksianum, has an anti-viral property and may be considered as a remedy for anti-HSV-1 agents.
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14. Mukarram Shah SM. A possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of ethyl acetate extracts of Teucrium stocksianum bioss. BMC Complement Altern Med 2015; 15: 299.
15. Rivas da Silva AC, Lopes PM, Barros de Azevedo MM, Costa DC, Alviano CS, Alviano DS. Biological activities of a-pinene and β-pinene enantiomers. Molecules 2012; 17: 6305-6316.
16. Rahim G, Qureshi R, Gulfraz M, Arshad M, Rahim S. Preliminary phytochemical screening and ethnomedicinal uses of Teucrium stocksianum from Malakand division. J Med Plant Res 2012; 6: 704-707.
17. Ali N, Shah SW, Shah I, Ahmed G, Ghias M, Khan I. Cytotoxic and anthelmintic potential of crude saponins isolated from Achillea Wilhelmsii C. Koch and Teucrium stocksianum boiss. BMC Complement Altern Med 2011; 11: 106.
18. Zamanian M, Sharifi Z, Noormohammadi Z, Akbarzadeh T, Bineshian F. Antiviral effect of Artemisia aucheri aqueous extract on UL46 and US6 genes of HSV-1. Antivir Ther 2021; 26: 43-48.
19. Saeedi M, Babaie K, Karimpour-Razkenari E, Vazirian M, Akbarzadeh T, Khanavi M, et al. In vitro cholinesterase inhibitory activity of some plants used in Iranian traditional medicine. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31: 2690-2694.
20. Swarup V, Ghosh J, Ghosh S, Saxena A, Basu A. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of rosmarinic acid in an experimental murine model of Japanese encephalitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51: 3367-3370.
21. Ansari M, Sharififar F, Arabzadeh AM, Mehni F, Mirtadzadini M, Iranmanesh Z, et al. In vitro evaluation of anti-herpes simplex-1 activity of three standardized medicinal plants from Lamiaceae. Anc Sci Life 2014; 34: 33-38.
22. Alreshidi M, Noumi E, Bouslama L, Ceylan O, Veettil VN, Adnan M, et al. Phytochemical screening, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, cytotoxic, and anti-quorum-sensing properties of Teucrium polium l. aerial parts methanolic extract. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9: 1418.
23. Ullah I, Cosar G, Abamor ES, Bagirova M, Shinwari ZK, Allahverdiyev AM. Comparative study on the antileishmanial activities of chemically and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). 3 Biotech 2018; 8: 98.
24. Vuko E, Bezić N, Nazlić M, Dunkić V (2020). Antiviral activity of secondary metabolites of Teucrium species. Teucrium Species: Biol Appl p. 309-318.
2. Howard TR, Lum KK, Kennedy MA, Cristea IM. The nuclear DNA sensor IFI16 indiscriminately binds to and diminishes accessibility of the HSV-1 genome to suppress infection. mSystems 2022; 7(3): e0019822.
3. Kimberlin DW, Whitley RJ, Wan W, Powell DA, Storch G, Ahmed A, et al. Oral acyclovir suppression and neurodevelopment after neonatal herpes. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1284-1292.
4. Cattamanchi A, Posavad CM, Wald A, Baine Y, Moses J, Higgins TJ, et al. Phase I study of a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) DNA vaccine administered to healthy, HSV-2-seronegative adults by a needle-free injection system. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008; 15: 1638-1643.
5. Egan KP, Awasthi S, Tebaldi G, Hook LM, Naughton AM, Fowler BT, et al. A trivalent HSV-2 gC2, gD2, gE2 nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccine provides outstanding Protection in mice against genital and non-genital HSV-1 infection, comparable to the same antigens derived from HSV-1. Viruses 2023; 15: 1483.
6. Parsania M, Rezaee MB, Monavari SH, Jaimand K, Mousavi-Jazayeri SM, Razazian M, et al. Antiviral screening of four plant extracts against acyclovir resistant herpes simplex virus type-1. Pak J Pharm Sci 2017; 30(4(Suppl.)): 1407-1411.
7. El-Toumy SA, Salib JY, El-Kashak WA, Marty C, Bedoux G, Bourgougnon N. Antiviral effect of polyphenol rich plant extracts on herpes simplex virus type 1. Food Sci Hum Wellness 2018; 7: 91-101.
8. Zamanian M, Asgari E, Afaridoon S, Akbarzadeh T, Sharifi Z, Saeedi M. In vitro anti-HSV1 activity of aqueous extract of Areca catechu L. Iran J Microbiol 2024; 16: 251-257.
9. Khan MT, Ather A, Thompson KD, Gambari R. Extracts and molecules from medicinal plants against herpes simplex viruses. Antiviral Res 2005; 67: 107-119.
10. Shah SM, Shah SM. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract of Teucrium stocksianum bioss. BMC Complement Altern Med 2015; 15: 351.
11. Evans WC. Trease and evans' pharmacognosy. 16th Edition. E-book: Elsevier Health Sciences 2009.
12. Medvetskaya IG, Popov IV, Medvetskii AI, Popova OI. Species of the genus Teucrium L. as sources of active pharmaceutical substances with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and radioprotective activity (Review). Pharm Chem J 2021; 55: 460-565.
13. Shah SM, Sadiq A, Shah SM, Ullah F. Antioxidant, total phenolic contents and antinociceptive potential of Teucrium stocksianum methanolic extract in different animal models. BMC Complement Altern Med 2014; 14: 181.
14. Mukarram Shah SM. A possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of ethyl acetate extracts of Teucrium stocksianum bioss. BMC Complement Altern Med 2015; 15: 299.
15. Rivas da Silva AC, Lopes PM, Barros de Azevedo MM, Costa DC, Alviano CS, Alviano DS. Biological activities of a-pinene and β-pinene enantiomers. Molecules 2012; 17: 6305-6316.
16. Rahim G, Qureshi R, Gulfraz M, Arshad M, Rahim S. Preliminary phytochemical screening and ethnomedicinal uses of Teucrium stocksianum from Malakand division. J Med Plant Res 2012; 6: 704-707.
17. Ali N, Shah SW, Shah I, Ahmed G, Ghias M, Khan I. Cytotoxic and anthelmintic potential of crude saponins isolated from Achillea Wilhelmsii C. Koch and Teucrium stocksianum boiss. BMC Complement Altern Med 2011; 11: 106.
18. Zamanian M, Sharifi Z, Noormohammadi Z, Akbarzadeh T, Bineshian F. Antiviral effect of Artemisia aucheri aqueous extract on UL46 and US6 genes of HSV-1. Antivir Ther 2021; 26: 43-48.
19. Saeedi M, Babaie K, Karimpour-Razkenari E, Vazirian M, Akbarzadeh T, Khanavi M, et al. In vitro cholinesterase inhibitory activity of some plants used in Iranian traditional medicine. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31: 2690-2694.
20. Swarup V, Ghosh J, Ghosh S, Saxena A, Basu A. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of rosmarinic acid in an experimental murine model of Japanese encephalitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51: 3367-3370.
21. Ansari M, Sharififar F, Arabzadeh AM, Mehni F, Mirtadzadini M, Iranmanesh Z, et al. In vitro evaluation of anti-herpes simplex-1 activity of three standardized medicinal plants from Lamiaceae. Anc Sci Life 2014; 34: 33-38.
22. Alreshidi M, Noumi E, Bouslama L, Ceylan O, Veettil VN, Adnan M, et al. Phytochemical screening, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, cytotoxic, and anti-quorum-sensing properties of Teucrium polium l. aerial parts methanolic extract. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9: 1418.
23. Ullah I, Cosar G, Abamor ES, Bagirova M, Shinwari ZK, Allahverdiyev AM. Comparative study on the antileishmanial activities of chemically and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). 3 Biotech 2018; 8: 98.
24. Vuko E, Bezić N, Nazlić M, Dunkić V (2020). Antiviral activity of secondary metabolites of Teucrium species. Teucrium Species: Biol Appl p. 309-318.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16 No 6 (2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v16i6.17256 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Lamiaceae; Teucrium; Herpes simplex virus type 1; Aqueous extract; Gene expression; MTT assay; Ral-time polymerase chain reaction | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Asgari E, Sharifi Z, Bineshian F, Zamanian M. Efficacy of traditional herb aqua extract of Teucrium stocksianum and its fractions against HSV-1 virus expression levels of genes (UL46 and US6). Iran J Microbiol. 2024;16(6):780-785.
