Prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons among multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Yazd, Iran
-
Mohadeseh Zarei-Yazdeli
,
Gilda Eslami
,
Hengameh Zandi
,
Masoumeh Kiani
,
Kazem Barzegar
,
Hanieh Alipanah
,
Seyed Morteza Mousavi
,
Marzieh Shukohifar
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an increasing health problem. Integrons are associated with a variety of gene cassettes, which confer resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. This study aimed at screening the presence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in P. aeruginosa in Yazd, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on P. aeruginosa strains from March 2016 to March 2017. Clinical specimens were initially identified by the standard biochemical methods and their resistance patterns to antibiotics were studied using the disc diffusion method. PCR was carried out for the detection of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons using intI1, intI2 and intI3 gene primers, respectively.
Results: Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that 75% of isolates were detected as multi-drug resistant (MDR), and lowest resistance was observed in ciprofloxacin (48.6%) and most resistance was in gentamicin (63.2%). Moreover, PCR results showed that 22 (15.3%) and 119 (82.6%) of P. aeruginosa isolates carried intI2 and intI1 genes, but intI3 gene was not found.
Conclusion: Since it is customary to observe Class I integrons in P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples, they are often responsible for antibiotic resistance gene transfer, which calls for evaluation of integrons as contributing factors in antibiotic resistance.
Giamarellou H. Prescribing guidelines for severe Pseudomonas infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 49:229–233. doi: 10.1093/jac/49.2.229. Pubmed: 11815561.
Perez F, Hujer AM, Marshall SH, Ray AJ, Rather PN, Suwantarat N, et al. Extensively drug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates containing blaVIM-2 and elements of Salmonella genomic island 2: a new genetic resistance determinant in Northeast Ohio. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014;58: 5929-35. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02372-14. Pubmed: 25070102.
Peng Y, Shi J, Bu T, Li Y, Ye X, Chen X, Yaoa Z. Alarming and increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa among healthcare-associated infections in China. JGAR 2015; 3: 155-160. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2015.04.001.
Arora D, Jindal N, Kumar R, Romit. Emerging antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonasa challenge. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011; 3: 82-84.
Stalder T, Barraud O, Casellas M, Dagot CH, Ploy MC. Integron involvement in environmental spread of antibiotic resistance. Front Microbiol 2012; 3: 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00119. Pubmed: 22509175.
Carattoli A. Importance of integrons in the diffusion of resistance. Vet Res 2001; 32: 243-259. DOI: 10.1051/vetres:2001122. Pubmed: 11432416.
Rowe-Magnus DA, Mazel D. The role of integrons in antibiotic resistance gene capture. Int J Med Microbiol 2002; 292: 115-25. doi: 10.1078/1438-4221-00197 .Pubmed:12195734.
Collis CM, Kim MJ, Partridge SR. Characterization of the class 3 integron and the site- specific recombinationsystem it determines. J Bacteriol 2002; 184: 3017-26. doi: 10.1128/JB.184.11.3017–3026. Pubmed: 12003943.
Boucher Y, Labbate M, Koenig JE, Stokes HW. Integrons: mobilizable platforms that promote genetic diversity in bacteria. Trends Microbiol 2007; 15: 301-309. DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2007.05.004. Pubmed: 17566739.
Thungapathra M, Amita Sinha KK, Chaudhuri SR, Garg P, Ramamurthy T, Nair GB, et al. Occurrence of antibiotic resistance gene cassettes aac(6/)-Ib, dfrA5, dfrA12, and ereA2 in class I integrons in non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae strains in India. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46: 2948-55. doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.9.2948-2955.2002. Pubmed: 12183252.
Leverstein-van Hall MA, Blok HE, Donders AR, Paauw A, Fluit AC, Verhoef J. Multidrug resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is strongly associated with the presence of integrons and is independent of species or isolate origin. J Infect Dis 2003; 187: 251- 9. doi: 10.1086/345880. Pubmed: 12552449.
Hansson K, Sundstrom L, Pelletier A, Roy PH. IntI2 integron integrase in Tn7. J Bacteriol 2002; 184: 1712-21. doi: 10.1128/JB.184.6.1712–1721. Pubmed: 11872723.
Arakawa Y, Murakami M, Suzuki K, Ito H, Wacharotayankun R, Ohsuka S, et al. A novel integron-like element carrying the metallo-B-lactamase gene blaIMP. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 1612–5. Pubmed: 7492116.
Khosravi L, Tee Tay S, Vadivelu J. Analysis of integrons and associated gene cassettes of metallo-b-lactamase-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Malaysia. J Med Microbiol 2011; 60: 988–94. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.029868-0. Pubmed: 21436370.
Gu B, Tong M, Zhao W, Liu G, Ning M, Pan S, Zhao W. Prevalence and characterization of class 1 integrons among Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from patients in Nanjing, China. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45: 241-3. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01318-06. Pubmed: 17122024.
Khorramrooz S, Gharibpour F, Parhizgari N, Yazdanpanah M, Mohammadi R, Rahbari N. Prevalence of Class 1 Integron and Antibiotic Resistance among Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Patients Admitted to the Burn Unit at Taleghani Hospital in Ahvaz. Arak Uni Med Sci J 2015; 18: 9-18.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; twenty - firstinformational supplement. CLSI document M100-S21. Wayne, PA, 2011.
Sambrook J, Russell D. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. 3rd. ed. old Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2001.
Ohara M, Kouda S, Ondera M, Fujiue Y, Sasaki M, Kohara T, et al. Molecular characterization of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Hiroshima, Japan. Microbiol Immunol 2007; 51: 271-7. Pubmed- 17380046.
Moazami Goudarzi S, Eftekhar F. Multidrug resistance and integron carriage in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Tehran, Iran. Turk J Med Sci 2015; 45 (4): 789-93. Pubmed: 26422847.
Fonseca EL, Vieira VV, Cipriano R, Vicente AC. Class 1 integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical settings in Amazon region, Brazil. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2005; 44: 303-9. doi:10.1016/j.femsim.2005.01.004. Pubmed: 15907453.
Kohanteb J, Dayaghi M, Motazedian M, Ghayumi MA. Comparison of biotyping and antibiotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with burn wound infection and nosocomial pneumonia in Shiraz, Iran. Pak J BiolSci 2007; 10: 1817-22. Pubmed: 19086543.
Nikokar I, Tishayar A, Flakiyan Z, Alijani K, Rehana-banisaeed S, Hossinpour M, et al. Antibiotic resistance and frequency of class 1 integrons among Pseudomonas aeruginosa , isolated from burn patients in Guilan, Iran. Iran J Microbiol 2013; 5:36-41. Pubmed: 23466812.
Falagas ME, Koletsi PK, Bliziotis IA. The diversity of definitions of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol 2006; 55: 1619-1629. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.46747-0. Pubmed: 17108263.
Aminizadeh Z, Sadat M. Prevalence of multi- drug resistance and pandrug. Resistance among multiple Gram-negative species:experience in one teaching hospital, Tehran, Iran. Int Res J Microbiol 2011; 2: 90-95.
Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, Carmeli Y, Falagas ME, Giske CG, et al. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. CMI 2012; 18: 268–281. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x.
Chen J, Su Z, Liu Y, Wang S, Dai X, Li Y, et al. Identification and characterization of class 1 integrons among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients in Zhenjiang, China. Int J Infect Dis 2009; 13: 717-721. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.11.014. Pubmed:19208492.
Dubois V, Arpin C, Dupart V, Scavelli A, Coulange L, André C, et al. blactam and aminoglycoside resistance rates and mechanisms among Pseudomonas aeruginosa in French general practice (community and rivate healthcare centres). J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 62: 316-23. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkn174. Pubmed- 18467306.
Poonsuk K, Tribuddharat C, Chuanchuen R. Aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from non-cystic fibrosis patients in Thailand. Can J Microbiol 2013; 59: 51-6. doi: 10.1139/cjm-2012-0465 .Pubmed: 23391230.
Imani Fooladi AA, Rostami Z, Shapouri R. Antimicrobial resistance and ESBL prevalence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical specimen by phenotypic and genotypic methods. J Ardabil Uni Med Sci 2010;10: 189-198.
Yousefi S, Nahaei M, Farajnia S, Ghojazadeh M, Akhi M, Sharifi Y, et al. Class 1 integron and Imipenem Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility. Iran J Microbiol 2010; 2: 115-121. Pubmed: 22347559.
Rajabnia R, Asgharpour F, Ferdosi F, Khalilian M, Norkhomami S, Shafii M, et al. Class 1 Integron in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates From Different Places and Devices of ICU in Babol, Iran. jondishapour J Microbiol 2013; 6: 138-143. doi: 10.5812/jjm.4850.
Xu Z, Li L, Shirtliff ME, Alam MJ, Yamasaki S, Shi L. Occurrence and Characteristics of Class 1 and 2 Integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Patients in Southern China. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 230–234. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02027-08 . Pubmed: 19020065.
Poonsuk K, Tribuddharat Ch, Chuanchuen R. Class 1 integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from clinical isolates. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2012; 43: 376-84. Pubmed: 23082590.
Shibata N, doi Y, Yamane K, Yagi T, Kurokawa H, Shibayama K, et al. PCR typing of genetic determinants for metallo-beta-lactamases and integrases carried by gram-negative bacteria isolated in Japan, with focus on the class 3 integron. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41: 5407-13. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.12.5407–5413.2003. Pubmed:14662918.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 10 No 5 (2018) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antimicrobial resistance Class 1 integron Class 2 integron Class 3 integron | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
