First time isolation of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from Caranx sexfasciatus in Persian Gulf, Iran
,
Abstract
Background and Objective: Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae is a marine pathogenic bacterium which causes disease in marine animals and human. This bacterium mostly found in coastal shallow seawater. So, the aim of this study was isolation and characterization of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from edible fish of Persian Gulf, Bandar Abbas.
Material and Methods: Totally 100 fish from different species were evaluated and out of that 5 different types of fish with external symptoms including: Caranx sexfasciatus, Lethrinus olivaceus, Scomberoid tol, Auxis thazard and Liza macrolepis, were collected from Bandar Abbas local fish market in September 2013. The samples were cultured on Marin Agar 2216 and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile salts Sucrose Agar media and incubated at 25˚C for 48 hrs. Then the isolates were characterized using biochemical (API 20 NE system) and molecular techniques. In addition, antibiotic susceptibility, presence of poly β hydroxy butyrate and hemolysis activity of isolates were evaluated.
Results: Entirely, 30 Gram negative bacterial colonies were isolated from the selected fish. Among the isolates, two suspected colonies were identified as Photobacterium damselae from Caranx sexfasciatus with API 20NE bio- chemical test. This results confirmed by 16s rRNA sequencing method. Both isolates showed α hemolytic with existence of β hydroxyl butyrate. Furthermore, the isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid.
Conclusion: Overall, the study indicated first time isolation of this bacterium from one type of fish caught from Persian Gulf, which warns us to pay more attention to fishery in this geographical area.
Seo HJ, Bae SS, Lee JH, Kim SJ. Photobacterium fri- gidiphilum sp. nov., a psychrophilic, lipolytic bacteri- um isolated from deep-sea sediments of Edison Sea- mount. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55: 1661–1666.
Shieh WY, Chen YW, Chaw SM, Chiu HH. Vibrio ruber sp. nov., a red, facultatively anaerobic, marine bacterium isolated from sea water. Int J Syst Evol Mi- crobiol 2003; 53: 479–484.
Urbanczyk H, Ast JC, Dunlap V. Phylogeny, genomics and symbiosis of Photobacterium. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2011; 35: 324-342.
Kita-Tsukamoto K, Yao K, Kamiya A, Yoshizawa S, Uchiyama N, Kogure K. Rapid identification of ma- rine bioluminescent bacteria by amplified 16s ribo- somal RNA gene restriction analysis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006; 256: 298-303.
Rivas AJ, Balado M, Lemos ML, Osorio CR. The Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae hemoly- sins damselysin and HlyA are encoded within a new Virulence plasmid. Infect Immun 2011; 79: 4617-4627.
Alvarez JR, Lamba S, Dyer KY, Apuzzio JJ. An un- usual case of urinary tract infection in a pregnant woman with Photobacterium damselae. Infect Dis Obst Gynecol 2006; 80682: 1-3.
Kim HR, Kim JW, Lee MK, Kim JG. Septicemia pro- gressing to fatal hepatic dysfunction in a cirrhotic pa- tient after oral ingestion of Photobacterium damsela: a case report. Infection 2009; 37: 555-556.
Rivas AJ, Balado M, Lemos ML, Osorio CR. Syner- gistic and additive effects of chromosomal and plas- mid-encoded hemolysins contribute to hemolysis and virulence in Photobacterium damselae subsp. damse- lae. Infect Immun 2013; 81: 3287-3299.
Goodell KH, Jordan MR, Graham R, Cassidy C, Nas- raway SA. Rapidly advancing necrotizing fasciitis caused by Photobacterium (Vibrio) damsela: a hyper- aggressive variant. Crit Care Med 2004; 32: 278-281.
Aigbivhalu L, Maraqa N. Photobacterium damsel wound infection in a 14-years-old surfer. South Med J 2009; 102: 425-426.
Ruby EG, Nealson KH. Seasonal changes in the spe- cies composition of luminous bacteria in nearshore seawater. Limnol Oceanog 1978; 23: 530-533.
Labella A, Vida M, Alonso MC, Infante C, Cardenas s, Lopez-Romalde S, et al. First isolation of Photobacte- rium damselae ssp. damselae from cultured redband- ed seabream, Pagrus auriga valenciennes, in Spain. J Fish Dis 2006; 29: 175-179.
Dunlap PV, Kita-Tsukamoto K (2006). Luminoous bacteria. In: The Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria. Ed, M Dworkin, S Falkow , E Rosenberg, KH Schleifer, E Stackebrandt. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 863-892.
Dunlap PV (2009). Bioluminescence, microbial. In: Encyclopedia of Microbiology. Ed, M Schaechter. El- sevier, Oxford.
Han JE, Gomez DK, Kim JH, Choresca Jr CH, Shin SP, Baeck GW, Park SC. Isolation of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from Zebra shark Stegosto- ma fasciatum. Korean J Vet Res 2009; 49: 35-38.
Pedersen K, Skall HF, Lassen-Nielsen AM, Bjerrum L, Olesen NJ. Photobacterium damselae subsp. dam- selae an emerging pathogen in Danish rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), mariculture. J Fish Dis 2009; 32: 465-472.
Zhao DH, Sun JJ, Liu L, Zhao HH, Wang HF, Liang LQ, et al. Characterization of two phenotypes of Pho- tobacterium damselae subsp. damselae isolated from diseased juvenile Trachinotus ovatus reared in cage mariculture. J World Aqua Soc 2009; 40: 281–289.
Labella A, Sanchez-Montes N, Berbel C, Aparicio M, Castro D, Manchado M, et al. Toxicity of Photobacte- rium damselae subsp. damselae strains isolated from new cultured marine fish. Dis Aqua Org 2010; 92: 31-40.
Kanchanopas-Barnette P, Labella A, Alonso CM, Manchado M, Castro D, Borrego, JJ. The first isolation of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from Asian seabass Lates calcarifer. Fish Pathol 2009; 44:47-50.
Fouz B, Toranzo AE, Milan M, Amaro C. Evidence that water transmits the disease caused by the fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. J Appl Microbiol 2000; 88: 531-535.
UNEP (2002). Global Environmental Outlook 3. Unit- ed Nations Environment Programme. London and New York, Earth scan, pp. 45-61.
Ponian C (2003). The effects of the 1991 Gulfwar on marine and coastal Environment of the Arabian Gulf. M. S. C aquatic resource management, King’s college, London.
Abdel-Aziz M, Eissa AE, Hanna M, Okada MA.Identifying some pathogenic Vibrio/Photobacterium species during mass mortalities of cultured Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Di- centrarchus labrax) from some Egyptian coastal prov- inces. Int J Vet Sci Med 2013; 1: 87-95.
Smibert RM, Krieg NR (1994). Phenotypic charac- terization. In: Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology. Ed, P Gerhardt, RG Murray, WA Wood, NR Krieg. Vol.5, American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC.
Lane DJ (1991). 16s/23s rRNA sequencing. In: Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics. Ed, E Stackebrandt, M Goodfellow. Chichester, Wiley, pp.115-175.
Yoshizawa S, Wada M, Kita-Tsukamoto K, Yokota A, Kogure K. Photobacerum aquimaris sp. nov., a lumi- nous marine bacterium isolated from seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59: 1438-1442.
Jun LJ, Kim JH, Jin JW, do Jeong H. Characterization of a new β-lactamase gene from isolates of Vibrio spp. in Korea. J Microbiol Biotech 2012; 22: 555–562.
Bauer AW, Kirby WM, Sherris JC, Turck M. Antibiot- ic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disc method. American J Clin Pathol 1966; 45: 493–496.
Jorgensen JH, Turnidge JD (2007). Susceptibility test methods: dilution and disk diffusion methods. In: Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Ed, RR Murray, EJ Baron, JH Jorgensen, ML Landry, MA Pfaller. Wash-ington, DC, USA, ASM Press, p. 1152-1172.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2005).Methods for Antimicrobial Dilution and Disk Suscep- tibility Testing of Infrequently Isolated or Fastidious Bacteria; Proposed Guideline. CLSI document M45-P [ISBN 1-56238-583-6]. Clinical and Laboratory Stan- dards Institute, 940 West Valley Road, Suite 1400, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087-1898 USA.
Pourbabaei AA, Hashemi Jokar S, Amirkhani A, Hey- darpour A, Khodadad Motlagh M. Evaluation of the prevalence of vibrio species isolated from coastal wa- ters of Bandarabbas and determination of their micro- bial resistance during 2010-2011, Iran. Qom Uni Med Sci J 2013; 7: 7-13.
Chiu TH, Kao LY, Chen ML. Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae, isolated from seafood. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 114: 1184-1192.
Labella A, Manchado M, Alonso MC, Castro D, Romalde JL, Borrego JJ. Molecular intraspecific char- acterization of Photobacterium damselae ssp. damse- lae strains affecting cultured marine fish. J Appl Mi- crobiol 2010; 108: 2122–2132.
Labella A, Berbel C, Manchado M, Castro D, Borrego JJ (2011). Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae, an emerging pathogen affecting new cultured marine fish species in Southern Spain. In: Recent Advances in Fish Farms. Ed, F Aral, Z Dogu. CC BY3.0 license, pp. 135-152.
Shin JH, Shin MG, Suh SP, Ryang DW, Rew JS, Nolte FS. Primary Vibrio damsel septicemia. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22: 856-857.
Hundenborn J, Thurig S, Kommerell M, Haag H, Nolte O. Severe wound infection with Photobacterium damselae ssp. damselae and Vibrio harveyi, following a laceration injury in marine environment: A case re- port and review of the literature. Case Rep Med 2013;610632: 1-7.
Dedkova EN, Blatter LA. Role of β hydroxybutyrate, its polymer β hydroxybutyrate and inorganic poly- phosphate in mammalian health and disease. Front Physiol 2014; 5(260): 1-22.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 7 No 3 (2015) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Polymerase Chain Reaction Photobacterium damselae Persian Gulf Caranx sexfasciatus | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
