Severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in vaccinated healthcare workers
-
Fatemeh Golshahi
,
Zeinab Siami
,
Elham Feizabad
,
Shahab Rajabzadeh
,
Shirin Zarinjooie
,
Maryam Albaji
,
Avin Mabadi
,
Ayein Azarnoush
,
Pershang Nazemi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The most appropriate approach to control the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is the widespread adoption of vaccination. Several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed and authorized for use in various geographical regions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccination agents presently utilized by healthcare workers (HCWs), and to investigate whether different COVID-19 vaccines would result in the alleviation of symptoms and the severity of clinical presentation.
Materials and Methods: This multi-center survey was conducted on 329 vaccinated HCWs who were reinfected with COVID-19 between January 8, 2021 and April 8, 2021, in Tehran, Iran.
Results: Overall, 92.1% and 70.8% of the participants had received 2 and 3 cumulative doses of COVID-19 vaccines, respectively. There were no differences between first/second and third-dose vaccines with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Expectedly, vaccination resulted in a less severe clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as reported by the participants.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the efficacy of the vaccination agents presently utilized by HCWs was acceptable with no significant difference in vaccine type. Participants receiving at least two doses of vaccines in this survey exceeded 90%, which is comparably higher than studies conducted in other countries.
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22. Gram MA, Emborg HD, Schelde AB, Friis NU, Nielsen KF, Moustsen-Helms IR, et al. Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 hospitalization with the Alpha, Delta, or Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: A nationwide Danish cohort study. PLoS Med 2022; 19(9): e1003992.
2. Alsharif W, Qurashi A. Effectiveness of COVID-19 diagnosis and management tools: A review. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27: 682-687.
3. Azkur AK, Akdis M, Azkur D, Sokolowska M, Van De Veen W, Brüggen MC, et al. Immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 and mechanisms of immunopathological changes in COVID‐19. Allergy 2020; 75: 1564-1581.
4. Alqassieh R, Suleiman A, Abu-Halaweh S, Santarisi A, Shatnawi O, Shdaifat L, et al. Pfizer-BioNTech and Sinopharm: a comparative study on post-vaccination antibody titers. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9: 1223.
5. Ciotti M, Ciccozzi M, Pieri M, Bernardini S. The COVID-19 pandemic: viral variants and vaccine efficacy. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2022; 59: 66-75.
6. Patwary MM, Alam MA, Bardhan M, Disha AS, Haque MZ, Billah SM, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among low-and lower-middle-income countries: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10: 427.
7. Luo C, Yang Y, Liu Y, Zheng D, Shao L, Jin J, et al. Intention to COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors among health care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Am J Infect Control 2021; 49: 1295-1304.
8. Bergwerk M, Gonen T, Lustig Y, Amit S, Lipsitch M, Cohen C, et al. Covid-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated health care workers. N Engl J Med 2021; 385: 1474-1484.
9. Shekhar R, Sheikh AB, Upadhyay S, Singh M, Kottewar S, Mir H, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among health care workers in the United States. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9: 119.
10. Yavarian J, Shafiei-Jandaghi NZ, Sadeghi K, Shatizadeh Malekshahi S, Salimi V, Nejati A, et al. First cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Iran, 2020: Case series report. Iran J Public Health 2020; 49: 1564-1568.
11. Nainu F, Abidin RS, Bahar MA, Frediansyah A, Emran TB, Rabaan AA, et al. SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and implications for vaccine development. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16: 3061-3073.
12. Yilma D, Mohammed R, Abdela SG, Enbiale W, Seifu F, Pareyn M, et al. COVID‐19 vaccine acceptability among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: Do we practice what we preach? Trop Med Int Health 2022; 27: 418-425.
13. Sarasty O, Carpio CE, Hudson D, Guerrero-Ochoa PA, Borja I. The demand for a COVID-19 vaccine in Ecuador. Vaccine 2020; 38: 8090-8098.
14. Wong LP, Alias H, Wong P-F, Lee HY, AbuBakar S. The use of the health belief model to assess predictors of intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and willingness to pay. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16: 2204-2214.
15. Wang J, Jing R, Lai X, Zhang H, Lyu Y, Knoll MD, et al. Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8: 482.
16. Sallam M. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A concise systematic review of vaccine acceptance rates. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9: 160.
17. Zheng C, Shao W, Chen X, Zhang B, Wang G, Zhang W. Real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a literature review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 114: 252-260.
18. Fiolet T, Kherabi Y, MacDonald CJ, Ghosn J, Peiffer-Smadja N. Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: a narrative review. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28: 202-221.
19. Mohammed H, Pham-Tran DD, Yeoh ZY, Wang B, McMillan M, Andraweera PH, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against infection, symptomatic and severe COVID-19 disease caused by the Omicron variant (B. 1.1. 529). Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11: 224.
20. Young-Xu Y, Zwain GM, Izurieta HS, Korves C, Powell EI, Smith J, et al. Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against Omicron and Delta variants in a matched test-negative case-control study among US veterans. BMJ Open 2022; 12(8): e063935.
21. Arashiro T, Arima Y, Muraoka H, Sato A, Oba K, Uehara Y, et al. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during delta-dominant and omicron-dominant periods in Japan: a multicenter prospective case-control study (Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines study). Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76(3): e108-e115.
22. Gram MA, Emborg HD, Schelde AB, Friis NU, Nielsen KF, Moustsen-Helms IR, et al. Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 hospitalization with the Alpha, Delta, or Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: A nationwide Danish cohort study. PLoS Med 2022; 19(9): e1003992.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 2 (2023) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i2.12468 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Vaccination hesitancy; Health personnel; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Immunization | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Golshahi F, Siami Z, Feizabad E, Rajabzadeh S, Zarinjooie S, Albaji M, Mabadi A, Azarnoush A, Nazemi P. Severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in vaccinated healthcare workers. Iran J Microbiol. 2023;15(2):196-200.
