Molecular detection of HHV-1, HHV-2, HHV-5 and HBV in semen of fertile and infertile men by multiplex PCR method
-
Mohammad Yasaghi
,
Seyyede Delafruz Hosseini
,
Abdolvahab Moradi
,
Mina Hassanpour
,
Alijan Tabarraei
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A great diversity of factors including viruses such as human herpes virus 1&2 (HHV-1&2), human herpes virus 5 (HHV-5), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) play key roles in sterility and it is worth noting that male infertility accounts for nearly 50% of barrenness, globally. In this regard, we evaluated the prevalence of the aforementioned viruses in semen specimens of two distinct groups of men referred to Novin Infertility Center in Mashhad, Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 semen samples were collected from 150 infertile and 150 fertile men. Subsequently, genomic DNA was extracted before performing multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eventually, the results were analyzed via SPSS Statistics V.16.0.
Results: Out of 300 specimens, 183 (61.1%) were positive at least for one of the forenamed viruses; genome detection of HHV-1&2, HHV-5, and HBV were 27%, 18%, 36.66%, and 4%, respectively.
Conclusion: The current study found no correlation between infertility and HBV, HHV-5, and HHV-1&2, which may have to do with factors like sample size, the geographical distribution of the viruses, and the lifestyle (sexual behavior) of the participants. These results emphasize the implementation of such studies on a broader scale to determine the exact factors involved in infertility.
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14. Monavari SH, Vaziri MS, Khalili M, Shamsi-Shahrabadi M, Keyvani H, Mollaei H, et al. Asymptomatic seminal infection of herpes simplex virus: impact on male infertility. J Biomed Res 2013; 27: 56-61.
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23. Karamolahi S, Yazdi RS, Zangeneh M, Makiani MJ, Farhoodi B, Gilani MAS. Impact of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection on sperm parameters of infertile men. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 17: 551-556.
24. Su F-H, Chang S-N, Sung F-C, Su C-T, Shieh Y-H, Lin C-C, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of male infertility: a population-based analysis. Fertil Steril 2014; 102: 1677-1684.
2. Fijak M, Pilatz A, Hedger MP, Nicolas N, Bhushan S, Michel V, et al. Infectious, inflammatory and ‘autoimmune’ male factor infertility: how do rodent models inform clinical practice? Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24: 416-441.
3. Schuppe H-C, Meinhardt A, Allam JP, Bergmann M, Weidner W, Haidl G. Chronic orchitis: a neglected cause of male infertility? Andrologia 2008; 40: 84-91.
4. Haidl G, Allam JP, Schuppe H-C. Chronic epididymitis: impact on semen parameters and therapeutic options. Andrologia 2008; 40: 92-96.
5. Ochsendorf FR. Sexually transmitted infections: Impact on male fertility. Andrologia 2008; 40: 72-75.
6. Liu W, Han R, Wu H, Han D. Viral threat to male fertility. Andrologia 2018; 50(11): e13140.
7. Gimenes F, Souza RP, Bento JC, Teixeira JJV, Maria-Engler SS, Bonini MG, et al. Male infertility: a public health issue caused by sexually transmitted pathogens. Nat Rev Urol 2014; 11: 672-687.
8. Bezold G, Politch JA, Kiviat NB, Kuypers JM, Wolff H, Anderson DJ. Prevalence of sexually transmissible pathogens in semen from asymptomatic male infertility patients with and without leukocytospermia. Fertil Steril 2007; 87: 1087-1097.
9. Garolla A, Pizzol D, Bertoldo A, Menegazzo M, Barzon L, Foresta C. Sperm viral infection and male infertility: focus on HBV, HCV, HIV, HPV, HSV, HCMV, and AAV. J Reprod Immunol 2013; 100: 20-29.
10. Kang X, Xie Q, Zhou X, Li F, Huang J, Liu D, et al. Effects of Hepatitis B virus S protein exposure on sperm membrane integrity and functions. PloS One 2012; 7(3): e33471.
11. Wang X, Sharma RK, Gupta A, George V, Thomas AJ, Falcone T, et al. Alterations in mitochondria membrane potential and oxidative stress in infertile men: a prospective observational study. Fertil Steril 2003; 80 Suppl 2: 844-850.
12. Kaspersen MD, Höllsberg P. Seminal shedding of human herpesviruses. Virol J 2013; 10: 226.
13. Neofytou E, Sourvinos G, Asmarianaki M, Spandidos DA, Makrigiannakis A. Prevalence of human herpes virus types 1-7 in the semen of men attending an infertility clinic and correlation with semen parameters. Fertil Steril 2009; 91: 2487-2494.
14. Monavari SH, Vaziri MS, Khalili M, Shamsi-Shahrabadi M, Keyvani H, Mollaei H, et al. Asymptomatic seminal infection of herpes simplex virus: impact on male infertility. J Biomed Res 2013; 27: 56-61.
15. Naumenko VA, Tyulenev YA, Yakovenko SA, Kurilo LF, Shileyko LV, Segal AS, et al. Detection of human cytomegalovirus in motile spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells in testis organotypic culture. Herpesviridae 2011; 2: 7.
16. Naumenko V, Tyulenev Y, Kurilo L, Shileiko L, Sorokina T, Evdokimov V, et al. Detection and quantification of human herpes viruses types 4–6 in sperm samples of patients with fertility disorders and chronic inflammatory urogenital tract diseases. Andrology 2014; 2: 687-694.
17. Bresson JL, Clavequin MC, Mazeron MC, Mengelle C, Scieux C, Segondy M, et al. Risk of cytomegalovirus transmission by cryopreserved semen: a study of 635 semen samples from 231 donors. Hum Reprod 2003; 18: 1881-1886.
18. Eggert-Kruse W, Reuland M, Johannsen W, Strowitzki T, Schlehofer JR. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection--related to male and/or female infertility factors? Fertil Steril 2009; 91: 67-82.
19. Mohseni M, Mollaei HR, Arabzadeh SA, Mirshekari TR, Ghorbani P. Frequency of cytomegalovirus in fertile and infertile men, referring to Afzalipour Hospital IVF Research Center, Kerman, IRAN: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 16: 443-446.
20. Kotronias D, Kapranos N. Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in human spermatozoa by in situ hybridization technique. In Vivo 1998; 12: 391-394.
21. Wang Z, Liu W, Zhang M, Wang M, Wu H, Lu M. Effect of Hepatitis B virus infection on sperm quality and outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques in infertile males. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8: 744350.
22. Zangeneh M, Sedaghat Jou M, Sadighi Gilani MA, Jamshidi Makiani M, Sadeghinia S, Salman Yazdi R. The prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infections among Iranian infertile couples referring to Royan institute infertility clinic: A cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 16: 595-600.
23. Karamolahi S, Yazdi RS, Zangeneh M, Makiani MJ, Farhoodi B, Gilani MAS. Impact of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection on sperm parameters of infertile men. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 17: 551-556.
24. Su F-H, Chang S-N, Sung F-C, Su C-T, Shieh Y-H, Lin C-C, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of male infertility: a population-based analysis. Fertil Steril 2014; 102: 1677-1684.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 14 No 6 (2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v14i6.11267 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Herpesvirus 1; Human; Herpesvirus 2; Hepatitis B virus; Human Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis B virus Infertility | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Yasaghi M, Hosseini SD, Moradi A, Hassanpour M, Tabarraei A. Molecular detection of HHV-1, HHV-2, HHV-5 and HBV in semen of fertile and infertile men by multiplex PCR method. Iran J Microbiol. 2022;14(6):921-927.
