Fungi associated with ornamental plants in some Nurseries in Al–Qurayyat, Jouf region, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fungi communities are important soil components as decomposers and plant symbionts, and they play an important part in natural ecological and biogeochemical processes. In this study, isolation and identification of terrestrial and zoosporic fungi were detected.
Materials and Methods: Sixty–seven fungal species from thirty–four genera were isolated from 45 soil samples obtained randomly from nurseries in Al–Qurayyat, Jouf reagon, Saudi Arabia using the soil dilution technique on glucose–Czapek’s agar medium, cellulose–Czapek’s agar, and Potato dextrose agar medium.Authentic fungus manuals were then used to identify and characterise the mycoflora.
Results: A total of 46 fungal species belonging to 22 terrestrial fungal genera were recovered on glucose–Czapek’s agar, 38 species belonging to 20 terrestrial fungal genera were recovered on cellulos–Czapek’s agar and 27 fungal species belonging to 15 terrestrial fungal genera were recovered on PDA medium while 12 species belonging to 7 genera zoosporic fungal genera were discovered.
Conclusion: The most common terrestrial fungal genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Acremonium, and Cladosopium while in zoosporic fungus. Allomyces was the most prevalent, followed by Achlya and Pythium.
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31. El–Nagdy MA, Nasser LA. Occurrence of zoosporic and terrestrial fungi in accumulated rainfall water in the Riyadh region (Saudi Arabia). Fungal Divers 2000; 5: 175-183.
32. Ali EH, Abdel–Raheem A. Distribution of zoosporic fungi in the mud of major Egyptian lakes. J Basic Microbiol 2003; 43: 175-184.
33. Raftoyannis Y, Dick MW. Zoospore encystment and pathogenicity of Phytophthora and Pythium species on plant roots. Microbiol Res 2006; 161: 1-8.
34. Ali E. Biodiversity of zoosporic fungi in polluted water drainages across Niles’Delta region, Lower Egypt. Acta Mycologica 2007; 42: 99-111.
2. Hannula SE, Morriën E, de Hollander M, Van Der Putten WH, van Veen JA, De Boer W. Shifts in rhizosphere fungal community during secondary succession following abandonment from agriculture. ISME J 2017; 11: 2294-2304.
3. Youssef K, de Oliveira AG, Tischer CA, Hussain I, Roberto SR. Synergistic effect of a novel chitosan/silica nan composites based formulation against gray mold of table grapes and its possible mode of action. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141: 247-258.
4. Alsharif W, Saad MM, Hirt H. Desert microbes for boosting sustainable agriculture in extreme environments. Front Microbiol 2020; 11: 1666.
5. López–Bucio J, Pelagio–Flores R, Herrera–Estrell A. Trichoderma as biostimulant: exploiting the multilevel properties of a plant beneficial fungus. Sci Hortic 2015; 196: 109-123.
6. Navrátilová D, Tláskalová P, Kohout P, Drevojan P, Fajmon K, Chytrý M, et al. Diversity of fungi and bacteria in species–rich grasslands increases with plant diversity in shoots but not in roots and soil. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 95: 10.1093/femsec/fiy208.
7. Fisher MC, Henk DA, Briggs CJ, Brownstein JS, Madoff LC, McCraw SL, et al. Emerging fungal threats to animal, plant and ecosystem health. Nature 2012; 484: 186-194.
8. Kim YK, Xiao CL, Roggers JD. Influence of culture media and environmental factors on mycelia growth and pycnidial production of Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens. Mycologia 2005; 97: 25-32.
9. Hasanean H, Almazroui M. Rainfall features and variations over Saudi Arabia, A Review. Climate 2015; 3: 578-626.
10. Kichu A, Ajungla T, Nyenthang G, Yeptho L. Colonial and Morphological characteristics of soil fungi from Jhum Land. Indian J Agric Res 2020; 54: 1-9.
11. Maw MS. Isolation of fungi from soil samples and preliminary study of antimicrobial activities. Univ Maurit Res J 2020; 11: 311-326.
12. Farrag AA, Shehata RM, El–Sheikh HH, AboDahab NF, Ali AMA. Diversity and biotechnological applications of some fungi that isolated from unusual soil samples in Egypt. J Eco Heal Env 2017; 5: 23-33.
13. Leclerc MC, Guillot J, Deville M. Taxonomic and Phylogenetic analysis of Saprolegniaceae (Oomycetes) in ferried from LSU rDNA and ITS sequence comparisons. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2000; 77: 369-377.
14. Mahmoud YAG, Abou Zeid AM. Zoosporic fungi isolated from four Egyptian Lakes and the Uptake of Radioactive Waste. Mycobiology 2002; 30: 76-81.
15. Samson RA, Pitt JI (2000). Integration of modern taxonomic methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus classification. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, pp 524.
16. Gilman JC (1997). A Manual of soil fungi, 2nd Indian edition, Biotech Books, Delhi.
17. Carlile MJ, Watkinson SC, Gooday GW (2001). The Fungi. Academic Press. Uk & USA, pp. 608.
18. Klich MA. Biogeography of Aspergillus species in soil and litter. Mycologia 2002; 94: 21-27.
19. Dugan FM (2006). The Identification of Fungi: An Illustrated Introduction with Keys, Glossary and Guide to Literature. American Phytopathological Society, Saint Paul, pp.176. pp.
20. Nagamani Kunwar IK, Manoharachary C (2006). Hand book of soil fungi. I.K. International Pvt. Ltd, pp.496.
21. Stefanis C, Alexopoulos A, Voidarou C, Vavias S, Bezirtzoglou E. Principal methods for isolation and identification of soil microbial communities. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013; 58: 61-68.
22. El–Said AHM, Saleem A. Ecological and physiological studies on soil fungi at Western Region, Libya. Mycobiology 2008; 36: 1-9.
23. Gómez de Ana S, Torres–Rodríguez JM, Alvarado Ramírez E, Mojal García S, Belmonte–Soler J. Seasonal distribution of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium species isolated in homes of fungal allergic patients. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2006; 16: 357-363.
24. Helal GA. Bioconversion of straw into improved folder: Fungal flora decomposing rice straw. Mycobiology 2005; 33: 150-157.
25. Ameen F, AlNAdhari S, Yassin MA, Al–Sabri A, Almansob A, Alqahtani N, et al. Desert soil fungi isolated from Saudi Arabia: cultivable fungal community and biochemical production. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29: 2409-2420.
26. Saadabi AM. Antifungal activity of some Saudi plants used in traditional medicine. Asian J Plant Sci 2006; 5: 907-909.
27. Al–Enazi NM, Awaad AS, Al–Othman MR, Al–Anazi NK, Alqasoumi SI. Isolation, identification and anti–candidal activity of filamentous fungi from Saudi Arabia soil. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26: 253-257.
28. Murgia M, Fiamma M, Barac A, Deligios M, Mazzarell V, Paglietti B, et al. Biodiversity of fungi in hot desert sands. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8(1): e00595.
29. Alotaibi MO, Sonbol HS, Alwakeel SS, Suliman RS, Fodah RA, Abu Jaffal AS, et al. Microbial diversity of some Sabkha and Desert Sites in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27: 2778-2789.
30. Mohammed AE, Sonbol HS, Alwakeel SS, Alotaibi MO, Alotaibi S, Alothman N, et al. Investigation of biological activity of soil fungal extracts and LC/MS–QTOF based metabolite profiling. Sci Rep 2021; 11: 4760.
31. El–Nagdy MA, Nasser LA. Occurrence of zoosporic and terrestrial fungi in accumulated rainfall water in the Riyadh region (Saudi Arabia). Fungal Divers 2000; 5: 175-183.
32. Ali EH, Abdel–Raheem A. Distribution of zoosporic fungi in the mud of major Egyptian lakes. J Basic Microbiol 2003; 43: 175-184.
33. Raftoyannis Y, Dick MW. Zoospore encystment and pathogenicity of Phytophthora and Pythium species on plant roots. Microbiol Res 2006; 161: 1-8.
34. Ali E. Biodiversity of zoosporic fungi in polluted water drainages across Niles’Delta region, Lower Egypt. Acta Mycologica 2007; 42: 99-111.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 1 (2023) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i1.11934 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Isolation; Fungi; Soil; Plants; Allomyces | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Massoud MS, Khalil D. Fungi associated with ornamental plants in some Nurseries in Al–Qurayyat, Jouf region, Saudi Arabia. Iran J Microbiol. 2023;15(1):174-180.
