Original Article

Optimization of antimicrobial efficiency of silver nanoparticles against three oral microorganisms in irreversible hydrocolloid impressions

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are potent antimicrobial agents, which have recently been used in dentistry. The aim of the current study was to optimize antimicrobial activity of Ag-NPs used in preparing irreversible hydrocolloid impressions against three microorganisms of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.
Materials and Methods: After assessing antimicrobial activity of the compound using disk diffusion method, three parameters of concentration of Ag-NPs (250-1000 ppm), ratio of hydrocolloid impression material powder to water (0.30-0.50) and time of mixing (20.0-60.0 s), affecting antimicrobial activity of irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials against the three microorganisms, were optimized. This combined process was successfully modeled and optimized using Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology (RSM). Decreases in colony number of E. coli, S. mutans and C. albicans were proposed as responses.
Results: Qualitative antimicrobial assessments respectively showed average zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 3.7 mm for E. coli, 3.5 mm for S. mutans and 4 mm for C. albicans. For all responses, when the mixing duration and powder-to-water ratio increased, the circumstances (mixing duration of 59.38 s, powder-to-water ratio of 0.4 and Ag-NP concentration of 992 response) increased. Results showed that in optimum ppm, the proportion of decreases in colony numbers was maximum (89.03% for E. coli, 87.08% for S. mutans and 74.54% for C. albicans). Regression analysis illustrated a good fit of the experimental data to the predicted model as high correlation coefficients validated that the predicted model was well fitted with data. Values of R2Adj with R2Pred were associated to the accuracy of this model in all responses.
Conclusion: Disinfection efficiency dramatically increased with increasing of Ag-NP concentration, powder-to-water ratio and mixing time.

1. Derafshi R, Bazargani A, Ghapanchi J, Izadi Y, Khorshidi H. Isolation and identification of nonoral pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity of patients with removable dentures. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7: 197-201.
2. Gandhi N, Daniel S, Benjamin S, Kurian N, Varghese VS. Evaluation of surface microhardness following chemical and microwave disinfection of commercially available acrylic resin denture teeth. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11: ZC87- ZC91.
3. Nejatidanesh F, Khosravi Z, Goroohi H, Badrian H, Savabi O. Risk of contamination of different areas of dentist's face during dental practices. Int J Prev Med 2013; 4: 611-615.
4. Porta SRS, Gomes VL, Pavani LA, Souza CCB. Analysis of three disinfectants after immersion of irreversible hydrocolloid and ZOE paste impressions. Braz J Oral Sci 2006; 5: 1094-1100.
5. Kugel G, Perry RD, Ferrari M, Lalicata P. Disinfection and communication practices: a survey of U.S. dental laboratories. J Am Dent Assoc 2000; 131: 786-792.
6. Rai M, Yadav A, Gade A. Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials. Biotechnol Adv 2009; 27: 76-83.
7. Feng QL, Wu J, Chen GQ, Cui FZ, Kim TN, Kim JO. A mechanistic study of the antibacterial effect of silver ions on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomed Mater Res 2000; 52: 662-668.
8. Morones JR, Elechiguerra JL, Camacho A, Holt K, Kouri JB, Ramírez JT, et al. The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2005; 16: 2346-2353.
9. Paul S, Mohanram K, Kannan I. Antifungal activity of curcumin-silver nanoparticles against fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida species. Ayu 2018; 39: 182-186.
10. Depaola LG, Mangan D, Mills SE, Costerton W, Barbeau J, Shearer B, Bartlett J. A review of the science regarding dental unit waterlines. J Am Dent Assoc 2002; 133: 1199-1206.
11. Lara HH, Garza-Treviño EN, Ixtepan-Turrent L, Singh DK. Silver nanoparticles are broad-spectrum bactericidal and virucidal compounds. J Nanobiotechnology 2011; 9: 30.
12. Tran QH, Nguyen VQ, Le AT. Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, properties, toxicology, applications and perspectives. Adv Nat Sci: Nanosci Nanotechnol 2013; 4: 033001.
13. Anderson N. The individualized quality control plan—coming soon to clinical microbiology laboratories everywhere! Clin Microbiol Newsl 2015; 37: 177-185.
14. Kim KJ, Sung WS, Suh BK, Moon SK, Choi JS, Kim JG, et al. Antifungal activity and mode of action of silver nano-particles on Candida albicans. Biometals 2009; 22: 235-242.
15. Mansoor S, Zahoor I, Rehman Baba T, Padder SA, Bhat ZA, Mustafa Koul AM, et al. Fabrication of silver nanoparticles against fungal pathogens. Front Nanotechnol 2021; 3: 1-12.
16. Omidkhoda M, Hasanzadeh N, Soleimani F, Shafaee H. Antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate impression material incorporated with silver nanoparticles. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2019; 16: 372-376.
17. Ginjupalli K, Alla RK, Tellapragada C, Gupta L, Perampalli NU. Antimicrobial activity and properties of irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials incorporated with silver nanoparticles. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115: 722-728.
18. Ghanavati Nasab S, Semnani A, Karimi M, Yazd MJ, Cheshmekhezr S. Synthesis of ion-imprinted polymer-decorated SBA-15 as a selective and efficient system for the removal and extraction of Cu(ii) with focus on optimization by response surface methodology. Analyst 2019; 144: 4596-4612.
Files
IssueVol 13 No 6 (2021) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v13i6.8091
Keywords
Dental impression materials; Nanotechnology; Microorganism
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Jafari A, Mazaheri Nezhad Fard R, Shahabi S, Abbasi F, Javdani Shahedin G, Bakhtiari R. Optimization of antimicrobial efficiency of silver nanoparticles against three oral microorganisms in irreversible hydrocolloid impressions. Iran J Microbiol. 2021;13(6):862-870.