Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 8 2 2016 05 14 120 124 EN Sukanya Sudhaharan Department of Microbiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad Telangana, India. Padmasri Chavali Department of Microbiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad Telangana, India. Lakshmi Vemu Department of Microbiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad Telangana, India. 2015 12 09 2016 03 25 Background: Brain abscess remains a potentially fatal central nervous system (CNS) disease, especially in developing countries. Anaerobic abscess is difficult to diagnose because of cumbersome procedures associated with the isolation of anaerobes. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based retrospective microbiological analysis of 430 brain abscess materials (purulent aspirates and/or tissue), for anaerobic organisms, that were received between 1987-2014, by the Microbiology Laboratory in our Institute. Results: Culture showed growth of bacteria116/430(27%) of the cases of which anaerobes were isolated in 48/116(41.1%) of the cases. Peptostreptococcus (51.4 %), was the predominant organism isolated in four cases followed by Bacteroides and Peptococcus species. Conclusion :Early diagnosis and det ction of these organisms would help in the appropriate management of these patients.   https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/841 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/841/581