Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 5 1 2013 03 15 1 13 EN Keyvan Tadayon Department of Veterinary Aerobic Bacterial Research & Vaccine Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj 3197619751, Iran. Nader Mosavari PPD Tuberculin Department, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 16 For the whole 20th century, bovine tuberculosis (BTB) challenged the international community efforts to control this zoonotic disease. Asia and Africa accommodate the largest BTB-infected zebu cattle in the world. Similar to other few Asian nations, Iran has been actively running its BTB-control plan for the last four decades. BTB however, is still a number-one health concern for Iranian veterinary practitioners and also farmers across the country. Why is that? Here we have addressed this question in the light of most recent epidemiological data as well as microbiology and molecular biology observations. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/665 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/665/435