Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 18 2 2026 04 26 226 234 Adeleh Attar Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Parastoo Asadolahi Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Maryam Mohammadbeigi Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Amir Peymani Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Amir Javadi Department of Social Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Rasoul Samimi Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran 2025 02 02 2026 02 13 Background and Objectives: The expanding antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolates is a critical concern for global health. This research aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PMQR genes, including qnrA1-6, qnrB4, qnrB1, qnrS, qepA, and aac(6´)Ib-cr, among H. pylori strains isolated from patients at Qazvin Hospital. Materials and Methods: In this study, 212 patients with gastrointestinal diseases who were referred to Qazvin Hospital underwent endoscopy, and gastric biopsies were collected. H. pylori isolates were confirmed by biochemical and molecular tests. PCR was performed to detect the virulence genes babA2 and sabA. Subsequently, the presence of the PMQR genes qnrA1-6, qnrB4, qnrS, qnrB1, qepA, and aac(6')Ib-cr were molecularly identified. Results: 149 (70%) of isolates were phenotypically and molecularly confirmed as H. pylori isolates. Of the 149 isolates, 102 isolates (68.45%) with babA2 and 120 isolates (80.53%) with sabA genes were identified. frequencies of the genes qnrA1-6, qnrB4, qnrB1, and qepA were 8 (5.36%), 4 (2.68%), 12 (8.05%), and 13 (8.72%), respectively. Notably, qnrS and aac(6´)Ib-cr genes were not detected in isolates. Conclusion: The findings of this study confirm that regular monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes is essential to prevent the further spread of PMQR resistance genes and to optimize clinical decision-making. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/5273 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/5273/1880