Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 16 5 2024 10 19 684 688 Nur Gamze Bostan Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye; Department of Laboratory Technology, Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Türkiye Ozge Altinok Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye Süleyman Buyukasik Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye Halil Alis Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye Yasar Oner Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye 2024 05 06 2024 08 19 Background and Objectives: Obesity is a major health issue linked to conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Infectobesity suggests that certain microorganisms may contribute to obesity. Human adenovirus serotypes, particularly Human adenovirus type-36 (HAdV-36), Human adenovirus type-5 (HAdV-5), and Human adenovirus type-37 (HAdV-37), are thought to influence body fat regulation. This study investigates the relationship between Immunoglobulin G (IgG) positivity for HAdV-5 and HAdV-37 and obesity, aiming to provide data on the infectious etiology of obesity. Materials and Methods: Blood samples separated into serums from obese (BMI ≥30) and non-obese (BMI 18.5-25) individuals were tested for HAdV-5 and HAdV-37 seropositivity using ELISA kits and seropositivity rates between the groups were compared. Results: HAdV-37 antibody positivity was significantly higher in obese patients (39/48) compared to the control group (24/42) (p=0.011). For HAdV-5, antibody positivity was similar in both groups (26 individuals each) with no significant difference (p=0.461). No significant gender-related differences were found for either serotype. Conclusion: The study suggests HAdV-37 may be associated with obesity, while no such relationship was found for HAdV-5. There was no gender association for either serotype. These results align with existing literature on HAdV-37, but further research is needed to confirm the link between adenoviruses and obesity and explore potential treatment options. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/4768 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/4768/1715