Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 2 1 2010 03 15 29 31 EN M Shamaei Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Darabad, Niavaran Sq, Tehran, Iran. M Marjani Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Darabad, Niavaran Sq, Tehran, Iran. P Farnia Mycobacteriology Research Center,NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical.Sciences, Tehran, Iran. P Tabarsi Mycobacteriology Research Center,NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical.Sciences, Tehran, Iran. D Mansouri Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Darabad, Niavaran Sq, Tehran, Iran AND Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center, NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of edical.Sciences,Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 01 Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM), as certain species of mycobacteria, can affect human in several ways. In the preceding years, the rate of NTM detection has risen in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. On the other hand, several reports have debated the possibility of co-infection of both Mycobcateriu tuberculosis (MTB) and NTM in individuals that puts the role of NTM in disease manifestations under question. Moreover, it is now proven that some of the cases that are identified as anti-TB treatment failure or suspected for drug resistance are actually NTM. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/44 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/44/44