Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 13 5 2021 10 08 724 727 Shervin Shokouhi Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ghodsieh Kamrani Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Iman Ghasemzadeh Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran; HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mana Baziboroun Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 2021 01 03 2021 08 06 Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen predominantly associated with hospital-acquired infections. Here we present a case of infective endocarditis of native Mitral and Aorta valves caused by A. baumannii in a 73-year-old man. He underwent surgical excision and Pathologic specimen showed A. baumannii growth after 48 hours that was extensively drug-resistant (XDR). He was treated with colistin and tigecycline. Finally, he discharged with no important complication. To our best knowledge, it is the first case of Acinetobacter endocarditis has ever been reported in Iran. Although XDR A. baumannii is a life-threatening pathogen, proper and timely treatment can be life-saving. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/2919 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/2919/1398