Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 9 3 2017 10 22 122 142 EN Najmeh Parhizgari Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Gouya The Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Department for Health Affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Ehsan Mostafavi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AND National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran 2017 05 07 Despite development of preventive and controlling strategies regarding infectious diseases, they are still considered as one of the most significant leading causes of morbidity and mortality, worldwide. Changes in humans’ demographics and behaviors, microbial and ecological alterations, agricultural development, international travels and susceptibility to infectious diseases have resulted in increased reports of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and reemerging infectious diseases (RIDs) in various geographical areas. Because of the various types of geographic properties in Iran, substantial climatic variability, as well as unstable political situations and poor public health conditions in some of neighboring countries, EIDs and RIDs are serious public health problems; among them, zoonotic and drug resistant diseases are the most significant. Hence, this review provides an overview of the significant bacterial, viral and fungal EIDs and RIDs in Iran regarding their epidemiological aspects. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/1346 https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/download/1346/733